Zhuangzi, Chinese Philosophy | Butterfly Dream

Please read the following two articles:

https://www.learnreligions.com/butterflies-great-sages-and-valid-cognition-3182587

https://philosophynow.org/issues/76/Zhuangzi_And_That_Bloody_Butterfly

Let's read Zhuanzi's dream argument and see how Buddhism and other Western philosophers' ideas.

• How do we know when we’re dreaming, and when we’re awake?
• How do we know if what we’re perceiving is “real” or a mere “illusion” or “fantasy”?
• Is the “me” of various dream-characters the same as or different from the “me” of my waking world?
• How do I know, when I experience something I call “waking up,” that it is a waking up to “reality” as opposed to merely waking up into another level of dream?

Zhuangzi:
"Once upon a time, I, Zhuangzi, dreamt I was a butterfly, fluttering hither and thither, to all intents and purposes a butterfly. I was conscious only of my happiness as a butterfly, unaware that I was Zhuangzi. Soon I awakened, and there I was, veritably myself again. Now I do not know whether I was then a man dreaming I was a butterfly, or whether I am now a butterfly, dreaming I am a man. Between a man and a butterfly there is necessarily a distinction. The transition is called the transformation of material things."

Descartes said in his Meditations “no certain indications by which we may clearly distinguish wakefulness from sleep.”

Wittgenstein:
“The argument ‘I may be dreaming’ is senseless for this reason: if I am dreaming, this remark is being dreamed as well – and it is also being dreamed that these words have any meaning.”