How does software "know" something?

Developers often talk about one piece of code "knowing" something, and wanting to minimize the knowledge captured in code. But what does this mean? In this 90-minute class, we'll learn some concepts from formal methods and build them up into the general definition of the "knowledge" of code. We'll learn why it's information-theoretically impossible to answer whether a piece of code "knows" something simply by reading the code, and discover some pretty surprising consequences for how to increase information-hiding in your code and make it more resilient to future changes.