College Students

Where does genuinely new stuff come from, and what does the answer obligate us to do? We are primates, evolved for the African Savana, with meat machines in our heads. These meat machines can do something curious: they can imagine. Even further, they can be “creative”; that is, they can imagine something “novel”. At first glance, imagination seems like a cute quirk. We can imagine fantasies, tell fun stories, paint pictures, make gadgets. Some of these stories we deem “creative” or “novel”. But what actually counts as “new/creative”? The commonly used notion for “creative” in various domains of study is the creation of something “novel” and “useful/appropriate”. “Novel” ensures the new idea/invention is not just a basic recombination of old things. “Useful/appropriate” ensures that the idea is meaningful, reveals something interesting, and is not just a random mess. Both of these terms are broad and contentious (intentionally so). Who defines what is “novel” or useful/appropriate”? Should it be defined by the individual who originated the idea, or by the social judgment of peers, or specifically by experts, or by history/those who come later? The **Systems Model** recognizes that “creativity” is not a property determined by individuals, but through an interaction between the domain/field of innovation, the social ecosystem (gatekeepers, institutions, etc.), and the innovation itself. Other views emphasize the **cognitive mechanisms** of creativity. New ideas do not emerge “de novo”, they emerge from a recombination of past ideas, with a novel “transformation of the problem space”. Hence, an individual needs to make the creative leap with regards to themselves (their past experiences, cultural knowledge, etc.); it is a mental operation. Even if their new idea might already be known to someone else/the public, if they themselves did not know it, it is still a novel creation for them. Thus the question: Is there a rigorous notion that can tell whether something is “truly novel”, or even quantify how much? And who decides? Beyond the domain of fiction and art, our meat sack brains can also imagine things like multiple dimensions, 4D space, invisible forces, and other notions that at the time were heavily criticized as fanciful thinking (imaginary numbers, non-euclidian geometry, microscopic germs). Our minds were shaped by natural selection to solve savanna-scale problems — predators, social hierarchies, thrown objects. There's no selection pressure for imagining or grasping 11-dimensional string theory or quantum field theory. Feynman himself suspected we might not be able to understand wavefunction collapse or superposition. And human working memory is sorely limited. It is surprising that these ideas turn out to be “*real”*. They explain the physical world and give us tremendous power over it. Sometimes, increasing our power over the physical world depends on creating ever more “novel” ideas/absurdities (e.g. Infinite dimensional vector spaces. Subatomic particles. Quantum phenomena. etc.) Outlandishness is not sufficient for scientific success, but those ideas that yielded the greatest increase in understanding/power were often the most outlandish. In other words, the degree of “creative novelty” in science is proportional to the degree of increased physical power we gain. Is there a limit to what our brains can conceive? Science and art are very different domains. But therein lies the puzzle: the process of creativity deployed in science seems no different from the process of creativity deployed in art; so perhaps the same process is generating novelty in both. This suggests a tantalizing unity of what it means to be “novel”. If the same process generates “novelty” in 2 (seemingly) different branches: art and science, and one branch leaves physical traces, then “novelty” might not be mere arbitrary social judgment. Discussion Questions: * What counts as “creative”/”novel”? Who judges this? Is it an individual or social or objective judgment? How do we know whether something is “new” or not? Are we just “doing whatever we do?” * Operationally, how does creativity work? How does creativity “create new things”? Where does the newness come from? * Is the process of creativity in art, social science, natural science, engineering, technology, all the same underlying process? * If it is the same underlying process, how does “novelty”/creativity in science relate to creativity in art? * What’s the difference between imagination, creativity, and knowledge? * Is society obligated to create the conditions necessary for people to engage their creativity? If we disable people’s creativity, is that a form of mind control?

We’re kicking off our very first Walk & Talk SG session, come join us and be part of the start 🙂 📅 Date: 25 April 2026 🕘 Time: 6PM 📍 Meeting Point: Botanic Gardens MRT (street level, near exit) In the event of inclement weather, event will be cancelled This will be a simple, relaxed ~5km walk around the Botanic Gardens. We will be walking at an easy pace that's suitable for everyone. Come by, bring your friends and lets get our steps in! We will also be having a late night snack after the walk, do join us! 😄

🎓 Offset Your Course Fee with SkillsFuture Credits for Eligible Singaporeans! 💼 NTUC Members Enjoy Up to 50% Subsidy with UTAP **Click here for more WSET course dates, fees and information** [https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/](https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/) ## **MASTER THE ART OF SAKE WITH WSET LEVEL 2 CERTIFICATION COURSE** Embark on an elevated journey of sake exploration with the WSET Level 2 Sake course – a captivating odyssey for those seeking a deeper understanding of this exquisite Japanese beverage. Envision a glass filled with a pristine, chilled elixir, releasing a bouquet of enticing aromas that promise an unparalleled experience. Each sip transports you to the heart of Japan, where centuries of perfected sake craftsmanship unfold. If you are currently working in the sake industry or possess basic sake knowledge and are keen to enter into the F&B or sake trade, our WSET Level 2 sake course furthers your sake knowledge in a more in-depth programme. For professionals, knowledge is the key to success. In the realm of sake, a nuanced comprehension of production, diverse flavor profiles, and adept food pairings can shape the trajectory of your career. The WSET Level 2 Sake course has been meticulously crafted to provide you with a comprehensive grasp of sake's intricacies, spanning its illustrious history, production processes to prepare you to be come a sake sommelier. ## **WHAT YOU WILL LEARN** * Explore main sake styles and classifications. * Understand the types of rice that influence sake flavors. * Understand the role and production of Kōji * Tasting over 20 different sakes. * Describe sakes using the WSET Systematic Approach to Tasting Sake® * Develop analytical tasting skills while exploring the sake style and quality. * Identify different categories & grades of sake ## **WHAT YOU WILL ACHIEVE** * Knowing the key stages in sake brewing and it’s unique processes. * Recognise the distinct features and styles of sake from various regions. * Understanding the art of appreciating sakes. * Be able to properly store and serve sakes * Feel more at confident arounds sakes and learn to buy only the best. * The art of pairing food and sake. ## **YOU ARE NOT ALONE** Many individuals struggle to comprehend the intricacies of sakes, leading to disappointment despite years of experience. Our two-day course provides guidance in developing techniques to train your palate and memory, enhancing your ability to detect sake aromas, flavors, and labels. Become a Sake Connoisseur or Sommelier – it's not an innate gift, but an achievable expertise through training and practice. *Let us help you achieve your dream with the WSET Level 2 Sake course!* 🎓 Offset Your Course Fee with SkillsFuture Credits for Eligible Singaporeans! 💼 NTUC Members Enjoy Up to 50% Subsidy with UTAP **Click here for more WSET course dates, fees and information** [https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/](https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/)

come join us for unguided watercolor jamming session! watercolor, paper and paint brushes will be provided. we will follow photos and paint, i'll be able to assist very basic techniques!

**For ages 18 and above.** This class is for those who already know the rules and are ready to take their game to the next level. We’ll dive into fundamental strategies and essential tactics to sharpen your decision-making, improve board vision, and enhance your overall gameplay. Through practical exercises, pattern recognition drills, and real-game applications, you’ll develop a deeper understanding of key tactical themes like forks and pins. Whether you’re looking to outplay your friends, compete in tournaments, or simply refine your skills, this class will help you build a strong foundation for long-term improvement. **Topics covered:** **Week 1:** Opening Principles **Week 2:** Double Attack **Week 3:** Pins **Week 4:** Checkmate Patterns ### **Address** 39 Jln Pemimpin, #01-05, Singapore 577182 ### **Schedule** Saturdays 630PM - 830PM ### **Booking Information** * Please contact **98225900** to find out how to book this class. * The instructor will reach out to you once you've booked the class.

**One Life, One Solo Adventure – Bhutan** Tired of waiting for the perfect travel companions? Escape the hustle of city life and find your peace in Bhutan’s tranquil beauty. It’s time to reconnect with nature, rediscover yourself & refresh your mind, body, & soul. Join our Bhutan tour and embark on a meaningful solo adventure, where you can meet like-minded travelers from all walks of life. This is more than just a trip – it’s an opportunity to share stories, make new friendships and expand your network while experiencing the breathtaking beauty of Bhutan. No matter your background, everyone is welcome to come together and create unforgettable memories in one of the world’s most happiest countries. **Why Bhutan trip?** Bhutan, often referred to as the **"Land of the Thunder Dragon,"** is renowned for its stunning landscapes, rich Buddhist culture, and commitment to Gross National Happiness. Nestled in the Himalayas, it boasts breath taking views, traditional dzongs, and vibrant festivals that celebrate its unique heritage. With a focus on sustainable tourism, Bhutan offers an authentic experience, from trekking through pristine nature to exploring ancient monasteries, all while enjoying the warm hospitality of its people. This trip to Bhutan is perfect for everyone—whether you're traveling solo, with family, friends or as a couple, YOLO. **Tour Highlights** * Visit one of Bhutan's most iconic landmarks **Tiger's Nest Monastery**, perched on a cliff **3,120 meters** above sea level. * Visit to **Punakha Dzong** the "**Palace of Great Happiness**" is a magnificent fortress at the confluence of the **Pho Chhu and Mo Chhu** rivers. * Enjoy authentic dinner/ lunch with a local family at a farm house. * Hoisting of prayer flags at **Dochula pass (3100 m)** which offers panoramic views of the Himalayan range, including the **108 memorial chortens** (stupas) built in honour of Bhutanese soldiers. * Meditation at **Dochula Caves** and **Buddha Dordenma** (the highest Buddha statue in the world). **Trip Details:** **Dates-:** **Every Sunday.** **Only need 5 days leave.** 2 nights Thimpu, 2 nights Punakha & 2 nights Paro. **Group Size:** Limited to 15 dream travelers (min 4 to go). Private tour option also available. **Flight:** Only one direct Drukair flight goes from Singapore to Paro. There are connecting flights to Paro either from Bangkok or New Delhi. We will help you to book your flight. **Early Bird Price:** **SGD 2188** (SGD 500 deposits thereafter the price is **SGD 2388**). **Refund Policy:** The deposit is refundable within 3 days after the trip confirmation mail sent to you. After that, it becomes non-refundable. Full amount refunded if we don’t meet minimum no of pax. **Inclusions:** * 3 Star hotel accommodations on twin/double sharing basis. * All Meals-: Daily breakfast, lunch & dinner. * Sustainable Development Fee (SDF) to the Government of Bhutan * Bhutan Visa Fee * Certified English Speaking Bhutanese Guide for your entire stay. * All ground transportation * All entrance fees * All internal taxes and charges. * Mineral Water while traveling. **Exclusions:** * International flights and personal travel insurance * Personal expenses (shopping, optional activities like spa, massage, archery, horse riding, porter etc). * Items of a personal nature, such as laundry, telephone calls, room service, alcoholic & non-alcoholic beverages, etc. * Single room supplement, Child or adult in triple sharing room. * Other meals during the trip (other than stated above). **Note-: There will be a surcharge fee if travel date falls in any Bhutan major festivals, X-Mas, New Year period (hotels increase their cost during this period).** **REGISTRATION AND PAYMENT:** **1.** RSVP NOW **2.** Transfer a small Deposit of **$500** to grab our **Early Bird Offer** to: **Dream Valley Pte Ltd via:** **A)** PAYNOW to UEN: **202413187D** **B)** Through ATM/Online to: Dream Valley - Current Acct: **11352440801** Bank Name: ANEXT Bank Pte. Ltd. Bank Code: 9742 Bank Industry Code: ANTPSGSGXXX **3.** Once you've transferred, WhatsApp **Vinny (Hp. 85062629)** your proof of payment. **(IMPT: INDICATE THE EVENT & YOUR MEETUP NAME).** Your slot is now confirmed and you'll be invited to the Trip Briefing/ Q & A Session once RSVP closes. **4.** This is a "First to transfer, first to Confirm" basis. The sooner we can confirm this Trip, the more everyone saves. **Disclaimer, Indemnity and Terms of Participation:** **PLEASE READ FOLLOWING LINKS FOR OUR T&C’s BEFORE YOU RSVP:** [https://dreamvalleydestination.com/terms-and-conditions/](https://dreamvalleydestination.com/terms-and-conditions/) [https://dreamvalleydestination.com/privacy-policy/](https://dreamvalleydestination.com/privacy-policy/) By participation on this trip, I agree to & accept **Dream Valley’s** terms and conditions. We reserve the right without prejudice to return payment at any time and not permit participation - without the obligation to explain or give any reason. This Trip is organized by **Dream Valley Pte Ltd** **(TA License: 03794).** **Stay Connected: Follow our latest trips and updates:** Check out this Linktree! - https://linktr.ee/Dreamvalleydestination?utm_source=linktree_profile_share [https://dreamvalleydestination.com](https://dreamvalleydestination.com)

**Click here for more WSET course dates, fees and information** 🎓 Offset Your Course Fee with SkillsFuture Credits – No Out-of-Pocket Payment Needed for Eligible Singaporeans! 💼 NTUC Members Enjoy Up to 50% Subsidy with UTAP [https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/](https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/) Learn the specific skills needed to identify the different styles of wine and enhance your senses to evaluate wine as well as the professionals. You will get into in depth study of the systematic approach which will equip you with the necessary skills through wine tasting. By the end of this course you will be eloquent in the language of wine and have picked up key knowledge of food and wine pairing to further specify your culinary style and taste. Diversify your skills in a fast-growing economy through Level 1 WSET and add value to your career portfolio. This course is also a fun way to get up to speed on what wine is and how it differs by style. Highly suitable for individuals with a strong interest in wine as well as for professionals kickstarting a career in hospitality or F&Bs by enriching service staff to confidently raise the profile of the company’s wines and enjoy increased revenue from every drop sold. **WHAT YOU WILL LEARN:** You will go through the production of wine and learn about the main styles of wines and grape varieties. Our certified WSET wine educators will guide you through tasting techniques and the wine service process. You will get insight into practices and issues in the wine industry and be able to discuss about wines from different regions. You will be evaluating and tasting seven different kinds of wines and identifying good or bad food pairings. **Click here for more WSET course dates, fees and information** Get up to 50% Subsidies With NTUC UTAP [https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/](https://www.finewines.com.sg/wset-level-1-wine-course-singapore/)

🏛️ **WHAT'S PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY ABOUT?** Practical Philosophy is a weekly meet-up that brings critical thinkers together for an opportunity to dive deep on a topic, practice communicating, and building a community. All with no ‘official’ philosophy knowledge required! 😎 Practical Philosophy is based on the idea that philosophy should be accessible to all, and not something reserved only for academics. Each week we choose a topic, and the goal is to use the conversation to develop our critical thinking and communication as we explore that topic. The goal is to help develop our Critical Thinking, Communication, and Community 🙌 📓 **HOW DOES IT WORK?** Each week, we pick one topic and discuss it. The topic for the week is shared, generally in the [Whatsapp group](https://chat.whatsapp.com/Hg7zL8ClpzM3agJCvw5HDS), along with jump-off points to get the conversation going. When groups get bigger than 7-8 people, it’s important that we break into smaller groups. This way we are able to maintain a conversational flow as opposed to having our meetups feel like a discourse or lecture. **General Meeting Agenda** Each Practical Philosophy meet-up follows this general timeline: * 19:00-19:15 - People arrive and chat, get to know each other before the ‘official' start. * 19:15-19:25 - Meeting introduction, explanation of Practical Philosophy and the topic for the week, read the guidelines and the overview so attendees know what to expect in terms of timelines. * 19:25-20:45 - Break into small groups - introduce yourselves and general thoughts on the topic, open discussion afterwards. At this point the group can review the ‘jump-off’ questions as needed, but they are just there to help guide the conversation. It’s not obligatory to answer them. * 20:45-21:00 - Bring everyone back together to discuss conclusions of the topic - each group gives a short 1-minute summary. Organizer concludes the meeting and everyone takes a group photo. * 21:00 - The official meeting is over but it’s a great opportunity to get to know people in a non-structured environment, so we often stick around, chat, and get to know each other. **🧧PRICING?** Practical Philosophy Club is FREE to attend! We just ask that if we are meeting in a café, buy a beverage! Some chapters rent a space for us to meet, and they may ask for donations to help contribute to the cost of rent. Donations will always be 100% voluntary though! 💛 WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY 🗣 “I feel like Philosophy Club helps someone build their own belief system through a series of perspectives while not promoting what’s right and wrong” - Ekam 🗣 “I got hooked from day 1 (the topic was authority) and felt it was the right place for me. I feel it is a place where people can go to learn and discuss new perspectives and increase critical thinking and community by interacting with people who might challenge your point of views but at the same time encourage you to have openness and mind flexibility.” - Daniel **🤓 FAQ** * ​What will we talk about? What's the topic? ​The topic for the week is shared every Sunday in the Whatsapp group. We try to add the topic to the comment section on this event page as well but if you don’t see it, the topic and the jump-off points will be in our [Whatsapp](https://chat.whatsapp.com/Hg7zL8ClpzM3agJCvw5HDS). * Do I need to study or read anything to attend? No preparation is necessary. This isn’t a study of other thinkers. We want to know what YOU think about the topic, not what an old philosopher thought. If you have a perspective from a religion or a school of thought to share, throw it on the table and we’ll discuss it, but it's not required. * Is there a specific philosophy that Practical Philosophy is focused on? The goal of our meet-ups is to not have dogmatic discussions, and flex our critical thinking muscles. Because of this, we want to hear from every realm of thought, and don't study a particular school. * Is it mostly men that attend? Surprisingly, no! Although philosophy is seen as a Candelabra affair in a dark room with a bunch of guys, our Practical Philosophy meetups are generally 50/50 between genders, and we don’t meet in any dark rooms. * Can I come alone? Of course you can, we encourage it :) * Can I be late? Please don't be! We do have a 15 minute grace period where we allow people to funnel in while we hang out, but after that if you arrive too late, it disrupts the flow of the conversation. * Where do you meet? The location is posted in Meetup and our [Whatsapp](https://chat.whatsapp.com/Hg7zL8ClpzM3agJCvw5HDS) group for this location. It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that you join the Whatsapp group! If you want to know what other cities have a Practical Philosophy Club, you can see our chapters on our [website](https://www.practicalphilosophy.club/practical-philosophy-locations/). **PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY - Making Philosophy Available To All.** ✨ Practical Philosophy hosts weekly, in-person meetups in over 20 countries, including Canada, Spain, Japan, Mexico and many more! 🗺️ \*\*\* Join our [Whatsapp group](https://chat.whatsapp.com/Hg7zL8ClpzM3agJCvw5HDS) 👈 Follow us on [Instagram](www.instagram.com/practicalphilosophyclub/) 👈 Our [website](https://www.practicalphilosophy.club/) 👈

**For ages 7 and above. Children aged 5 to 7 require parental assistance.** Want to test your skill at the sport? Be the Willliam Tell or Robin Hood? Absolute Archery (Singapore) was inaugurated in 2020, aiming to provide training venue, competitive coaching, fun shoot events and a place for the community bring people together to advocate and support each other in pursuing the sports. Our head coach, Colin, has been active in the sports since late 90s till date. Being a competitive archer, he was with the National Team and had accumulated experiences which he could share with the archers and students. **Past Experiences** * National Team (Compound) 2000 - 2002 * National Junior Development Team Coach (Compound) 2013 - 2015 * Community Club Compound Coach 2013 - 2018 * National Team (Compound) 2018 - 2020 * Tampines Meridian Junior College Archery Coach 2018 - now ### **Address** 9 Ah Hood Rd, East Asia Institute of Management ### **Schedule** Sundays 1PM - 2PM ### **Booking Information** * Please contact **98225900** to find out how to book this class. * The instructor will reach out to you once you've booked the class.

### **📚 Wiser & Faster Club - Apr 2026 Meetup** See you at our April 2026 book sharing & discussion meetup. For regular participants, please note this Apr edition will be on a Sun (Versus our usual Sat) due to venue availability For anyone new to the group, Wiser Faster is a space for curious, growth-minded people to come together, share what they’ve learned from a great non-fiction book, and spark deeper conversations. Join us to build a quality network and accelerate your own growth! ### **What To Expect** **📍 Date:** Sun, 26 Apr 2026 **🕙 Time:** 11am–1pm **📌 Venue:** OCBC Bookxcess Level 4, Wisma Atria, Orchard Rd ( https://www.ocbc.com/personal-banking/ocbc-wisma-partners-bookxcess.page ) **👥 Group Size:** Small & focused (15-20pax) so everyone gets to contribute Rather than the _typical_ book club where everyone has to read the same book beforehand, WFC is a relaxed brunch-time huddle with 2-3 “Book Sharers” taking 15min turns to present insights from a piece of non-fiction that they’ve read which is followed by open discussion. Bring your curiosity and let’s bounce ideas around. ### **How You Can Join** **🙋 Learner**-Sit in, listen actively, and join the discussion if you feel like it **📚 Sharer**\- Read a non\-fiction book \(Or Podcast\, TED Talk\, etc\.\) that blew your mind? Present your key takeaways in 15min\-s\. **🎙️ Host**-For returning members keen to try light facilitation or emceeing *"We become good by reading. We become great by writing. We gain mastery by teaching"* ### **Agenda** * Introduce yourselves (15mins) * Sharer A (15mins) * Discussion A (30mins) * Break (15mins) * Sharer B (15mins) * Discussion B (30mins) * Group selfie and break off * Post-event meal, buy your own (OTOT) **[RSVP etiquette]** • Update your RSVP if you can’t attend to help with planning. • No-shows are unfair to those on the waitlist. • Consistent no-shows may result in blacklisting from future events 📩 *Interested in being a future sharer or Host? Let us know via this form https://forms.gle/8U3oJ64sfrieYxNb9* _Join our Telegram channel to talk to other WFC members and get the latest updates https://t.me/+Im6CfPzD60RlNTA1_ Let’s get Wiser, Faster - Together.

**For ages 17 and above.** Rumba, often nicknamed the “dance of love”, is derived from the Afro-Caribbean ballroom dance “Son” popular in the 1930s. Its slower, smooth and continuous hip actions, known as the ‘Cuban movement’, give it a romantic and sensual feel. Rumba is a versatile dance that can be danced to Latin music and contemporary pop music, a romantic dance that is perfect for weddings, shows and social events. ### **Address** 795, North Bridge Rd, #02-01 797, 198763 ### **Schedule** Sundays 1230PM - 130PM ### **Booking Information** * Please contact **98225900** to find out how to book this class. * The instructor will reach out to you once you've booked the class.

**For ages 13 and above.** This class focuses on the most essential techniques that all ETP students must learn. ### **Address** 311b Jln Besar, #03-01, Singapore 208970 ### **Schedule** Saturdays 11AM - 1145AM ### **Booking Information** * Please contact **98225900** to find out how to book this class. * The instructor will reach out to you once you've booked the class.

**For ages 13 and above.** ### **Booking Information** * Please contact **98225900** to find out how to book this class. * The instructor will reach out to you once you've booked the class ### **Cancellation Policy** Credits will be considered used if class is cancelled within 24 hours before the start of the lesson ###

**For ages 16 and above.** Recommended for individuals looking for an intense and focused training approach to excel and compete on a higher level! ### **Address** Palawan Beach, Sentosa ### **Schedule** Saturdays 3PM - 4PM ### **Booking Information** * Please contact **98225900** to find out how to book this class. * The instructor will reach out to you once you've booked the class.

**💥 Join us THIS Saturday and EVERY Saturday!** **💥 At Columbus’ Hottest New Salsa Venue!** **.** Lincoln Street Salsa THIS Saturday and EVERY Saturday! 8 pm – 1 am **.** **💥 Gorgeously Renovated Studio!** **💥 Free Parking!** **💥 BYOB!** **💥 Easy Access from Highway!** **.** Lincoln Street Salsa 1717 Brice Rd Reynoldsburg, Ohio 43215 **.** **ENTRANCE IS ON THE NORTH SIDE OF THE BUILDING** **Behind Anthony’s Pharmacy!** **.** **PLEASE SHARE and help get the word out!** **.** **🟣 Salsa, Bachata, and Merengue Dancing!** **.** **🟣** 8:00 pm – 8:30 pm **𝗥𝗲𝗴𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻** **.** **🟣** 8:30 pm – 9:30 pm **𝗕𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗗𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 Class!** **.** **🟣** 9:30 pm – 1 am **𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝗗𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝘆!** **.** **✅ Questions?** **Visit [LincolnStreetSalsa.com](https://columbussalsadancing.com/)** Or Text Todd: 614-774-8146 **.** **✅ No Experience Necessary!** **✅ No Partner Required!** **✅ Plenty of People to Dance With!** **.** **✅ $15 Cash / $16 Card** **✅ College Students $5 Off with Valid ID!** **✅ BYOB** **✅ Age 18+** **.** **✅ Lincoln Street Salsa is the perfect place for…** **.** **👉 Learning to Dance** **👉** Social Dancing **👉 Birthday Celebration** **👉** Bachelorette Parties **👉 Girl’s Night Out** **👉 Date Night** **👉** Getting Fit / Burning Calories **👉 Meeting New People** **👉** Having Fun, Fun, Fun! **.** ✅ **Questions?** Visit [LincolnStreetSalsa.com](https://columbussalsadancing.com/ "https://columbussalsadancing.com/") Or Text Todd: 614-774-8146 .

When judging morality, should we prioritize **intentions/duty** or **outcomes/results**? It introduces two influential philosophers as representatives of these approaches. * **Immanuel Kant (deontology):** An action is moral when it is done from **duty** and follows rational, universal principles (the **categorical imperative**). Certain acts—like lying—are wrong regardless of the consequences; you can’t do a wrong thing for a right reason. * **John Stuart Mill (utilitarian consequentialism):** The morality of an action is determined by its **effects**, specifically how much **happiness/well-being** it produces. Mill argues that some pleasures are “higher” than others, and that good intentions don’t redeem harmful outcomes. ## Discussion Questions 1. **The lying dilemma:** A murderer comes to your door and asks if your friend is hiding inside. Kant would say you must not lie. 2. **Can good intentions rescue a bad outcome?** 3. **The organ harvest problem:** A surgeon has five patients dying of organ failure and one healthy patient in for a checkup. Killing the one to harvest organs would save five lives, and the math works out for the utilitarian. Why does this feel so deeply wrong? Is that feeling a point in Kant's favor, or just a bias we should overcome? 4. **Do rules need exceptions?** Kant insists moral rules must be universal, with no exceptions. But most of us can imagine extreme scenarios where any rule seems like it should bend. Does the need for exceptions fatally undermine deontology, or is the strength of the system precisely that it refuses to bend? 5. **Who gets to calculate the consequences?** Utilitarianism asks us to maximize good outcomes, but we're notoriously bad at predicting consequences. If we can't reliably know the results of our actions, is it practical to base our entire moral system on outcomes? Does this uncertainty push us back toward rules and principles? 6. **Everyday morality:** Think about a real moral decision you've made recently, even a small one. Did you reason more like a Kantian (what's the right thing to do in principle?) or more like a utilitarian (what will produce the best result?)? Do most people naturally lean one way? 7. **Justice vs. the greater good:** A town can prevent a deadly plague by sacrificing one innocent person. The greater good is clearly served. But is it just? Can an action be morally right and deeply unjust at the same time? 8. **The big synthesis question:** Are these two systems actually opposed, or do they often arrive at the same answers by different paths? Is it possible that we need both: rules to guide us in the moment and consequences to evaluate systems and policies over time?

**💥 Join us THIS Saturday and EVERY Saturday!** **💥 At Columbus’ Hottest New Salsa Venue!** **.** Lincoln Street Salsa THIS Saturday and EVERY Saturday! 8 pm – 1 am **.** **💥 Gorgeously Renovated Studio!** **💥 Free Parking!** **💥 BYOB!** **💥 Easy Access from Highway!** **.** Lincoln Street Salsa 1717 Brice Rd Reynoldsburg, Ohio 43215 **.** **ENTRANCE IS ON THE NORTH SIDE OF THE BUILDING** **Behind Anthony’s Pharmacy!** **.** **PLEASE SHARE and help get the word out!** **.** **🟣 Salsa, Bachata, and Merengue Dancing!** **.** **🟣** 8:00 pm – 8:30 pm **𝗥𝗲𝗴𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻** **.** **🟣** 8:30 pm – 9:30 pm **𝗕𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗿 𝗗𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 Class!** **.** **🟣** 9:30 pm – 1 am **𝗢𝗽𝗲𝗻 𝗗𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝘆!** **.** **✅ Questions?** **Visit [LincolnStreetSalsa.com](https://columbussalsadancing.com/)** Or Text Todd: 614-774-8146 **.** **✅ No Experience Necessary!** **✅ No Partner Required!** **✅ Plenty of People to Dance With!** **.** **✅ $15 Cash / $16 Card** **✅ College Students $5 Off with Valid ID!** **✅ BYOB** **✅ Age 18+** **.** **✅ Lincoln Street Salsa is the perfect place for…** **.** **👉 Learning to Dance** **👉** Social Dancing **👉 Birthday Celebration** **👉** Bachelorette Parties **👉 Girl’s Night Out** **👉 Date Night** **👉** Getting Fit / Burning Calories **👉 Meeting New People** **👉** Having Fun, Fun, Fun! **.** ✅ **Questions?** Visit [LincolnStreetSalsa.com](https://columbussalsadancing.com/) Or Text Todd: 614-774-8146

If you are interested in selecting investment choices for your 401(k) or other workplace savings plan, minimizing your income tax liability, or identifying the most effective investments for your brokerage account, we are the group for you. We are a local chapter of Bogleheads, whose investment strategy can be found here: https://www.bogleheads.org/wiki/Bogleheads%C2%AE_investment_philosophy Or you can peruse the Boglehead forum here: https://www.bogleheads.org/index.php I look forward to seeing you there. Mark Vonder Haar

Bring your Raspberry Pi, Arduino, microcontroller, or any other electronic project and join fellow electronics makers for a night of creativity and collaboration! This session is open forum to share your current projects—whether complete or in progress, it’s all interesting! Whether you’re deep into embedded systems, exploring new ideas, or just getting started, you’ll find a welcoming space to collaborate, share, and get inspired. **New to electronics or curious about tinkering?** You’re absolutely welcome. If you’re a beginner and want to experiment, I’ll have a couple of starter kits available so you can try things out—whether that’s blinking your first LED, putting something on a display, or experimenting with simple sensors. No pressure and no experience required—just an interest in learning and building. While we continue to pursue a more permanent venue for this Meetup, we’ll be using public library facilities based on availability. This session will be at the Worthington Park Library in the Olentangy Meeting Room.

Let’s meet and share our thoughts about Carson McCullers’ novella, The Ballad of The Sad Café.